Microsoft Azure Quantum has been selected by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to develop a utility-scale quantum computer. This computer, based on topological qubits, has the potential to solve problems that are currently unsolvable by conventional computing systems. Microsoft’s next step is to construct a differential prototype for the quantum computer.
The selection is part of the DARPA initiative Underexplored Systems for Utility-Scale Quantum Computing (US2QC). It aims to determine if the idea of building and running a quantum computer for solving complex problems is feasible. They make investments in enterprises that are developing scalable, functioning quantum computers through the use of novel methods. The US2QC program assessed three approaches to quantum computing: Microsoft’s topological qubits, PsiQuantum’s photonic approach, and Atom Computing’s neutral atom. Atom Computing failed to secure funding, so DARPA is focusing on the other two approaches. Microsoft Azure Quantum is chosen on its clear intentions for building a quantum computer and its current performance. The next stage will focus on creating a topological quantum computer prototype.
Quantum Computing’s Prospects
The goal of quantum computing is to greatly speed up scientific discovery by using the power of nature. Complex issues like developing sustainable energy solutions or slowing down climate change will be resolved. However, the necessary scientific and engineering advances make the development and construction of a utility-scale quantum computer a daunting task.
Quantum bits, or qubits, are used by quantum computers to encode data. Errors are common with these qubits and become worse as they scale. Microsoft Azure Quantum is developing a quantum computer based on topological qubits, with inherent error protection, to solve this problem.
Topological Qubits
Topological qubits are compact, quick, and can be digitally controlled. They include integrated error prevention. A topological quantum computer can control nearly a million physical qubits on a single chip. Thus enabling it to perform complex operations efficiently. A quantum computer with a high rQOPS (reliable quantum operations per second) capacity could outperform conventional computers in real-world tasks.
Microsoft’s Topological Method For Quantum Information Processing
DARPA chose to fund Microsoft’s topological technique for quantum computing indefinitely. Several research institutes’ specialists, as well as DARPA, carried out the selection procedure. The team’s progress in hardware, software, supply planning, and risk management ensured DARPA’s consideration of Microsoft’s quantum computer development efforts.
The Microsoft Azure Quantum team will create a comprehensive plan for a Fault-Tolerant Prototype (FTP) of a quantum computer. Topological qubits will power it as the partnership between DARPA and Microsoft moves forward to the next stage. The design aims to assess the feasibility of building and operating a utility-scale quantum computer. It will be done by establishing minimum performance criteria for each component.
With Microsoft’s FTP, data in several logical qubits, which correspond to thousands of physical qubits, can be processed. It will establish a baseline for a scalable quantum computer. DARPA will provide architectural designs for the FTP, which technical experts will evaluate. DARPA will independently verify Microsoft’s scientific discoveries in its facilities.
DARPA’s increased funding for Microsoft Azure Quantum showcases Microsoft’s capability in designing and constructing a scaled quantum supercomputer. Microsoft envisions a utility-scale quantum computer capable of resolving complex issues in multiple disciplines if successful.
